1. Plasma membrane is made up of:
    2. Proteins and nucleic acids
    Lipids (phospholipids) and proteins
    Carbohydrates and lipids
    Only proteins

  2. Which three features are prominent in almost every cell?
    3. Plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm
    Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome
    Cell wall, nucleus, vacuole
    Chloroplast, nucleus, cytoplasm

  3. The plasma membrane is also called:
    4. a. Impermeable membrane
    b. Rigid barrier
    c. Selectively permeable membrane
    d. Active membrane

  4. Movement of carbon dioxide or oxygen across the plasma membrane occurs by:
    5. a. Osmosis
    b. Diffusion
    c. Active transport
    d. Endocytosis

  5. Plasma membrane is made up of:
    6. a. Proteins and nucleic acids
    b. Lipids (phospholipids) and proteins
    c. Carbohydrates and lipids
    d. Only proteins

  6. Which transport process requires energy?
    7. a. Passive transport
    b. Diffusion
    c. Osmosis
    d. Active transport

  7. Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration is:
    8. a. Osmosis
    b. Active transport
    c. Diffusion
    d. Endocytosis

  8. Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called:
    9. a. Osmosis
    b. Diffusion
    c. Filtration
    d. Plasmolysis

  9. In a hypotonic solution, a cell will:
    10. a. Lose water
    b. Gain water
    c. Remain unchanged
    d. Shrink

  10. In an isotonic solution, water movement across the membrane is:
    11. a. Inward only
    b. Outward only
    c. No net movement
    d. Random movement

  11. In a hypertonic solution, a cell will:
    12. a. Gain water
    b. Shrink
    c. Swell
    d. Divide

  12. Absorption of water by plant roots is an example of:
    13. a. Diffusion
    b. Osmosis
    c. Active transport
    d. Plasmolysis

  13. Amoeba takes in food by the process of:
    14. a. Exocytosis
    b. Endocytosis
    c. Osmosis
    d. Diffusion

  14. The plant cell wall is mainly composed of:
    15. a. Proteins
    b. Starch
    c. Cellulose
    d. Lipids

  15. Plasmolysis occurs when a cell is placed in a:
    16. a. Hypotonic solution
    b. Hypertonic solution
    c. Isotonic solution
    d. Neutral medium

  16. The nucleus is found only in:
    17. a. Prokaryotic cells
    b. Viruses
    c. Eukaryotic cells
    d. Bacteria

  17. Chromosomes contain genetic information in the form of:
    18. a. RNA
    b. DNA
    c. Proteins only
    d. Enzymes

  18. Functional segments of DNA are called:
    19. a. Chromatids
    b. Genes
    c. Histones
    d. Ribosomes

  19. The region in prokaryotic cells where DNA is located is called:
    20. a. Nucleolus
    b. Nucleoid
    c. Nucleus
    d. Vesicle

  20. Organisms without a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are:
    21. a. Eukaryotes
    b. Prokaryotes
    c. Fungi
    d. Protozoa

  21. Which of the following is a prokaryote?
    22. a. Fungi
    b. Amoeba
    c. Bacteria
    d. Plants

  22. The cytoplasm is mainly composed of:
    23. a. DNA and proteins
    b. Water, salts, and organic molecules
    c. Cellulose and proteins
    d. Lipids and carbohydrates

  23. Viruses show life characteristics only when:
    24. a. Outside a host
    b. Inside a living cell
    c. In water
    d. In sunlight

  24. The process of making membranes from proteins and lipids is called:
    25. a. Plasmolysis
    b. Biogenesis
    c. Endocytosis
    d. Osmosis

  25. The organelle responsible for membrane biogenesis is:
    26. a. Golgi apparatus
    b. Endoplasmic Reticulum
    c. Mitochondria
    d. Lysosomes

  26. Smooth ER in liver cells plays a key role in:
    27. a. Protein synthesis
    b. Detoxification
    c. Energy production
    d. Photosynthesis

  27. The Golgi apparatus was first described by:
    28. a. Robert Hooke
    b. Camillo Golgi
    c. Leeuwenhoek
    d. Schwann

  28. The Golgi apparatus packages and dispatches materials in:
    29. a. Ribosomes
    b. Vesicles
    c. Lysosomes
    d. Vacuoles

  29. Lysosomes contain:
    30. a. DNA
    b. Digestive enzymes
    c. ATP
    d. Ribosomes

  30. Lysosomes are also known as:
    31. a. Powerhouses
    b. Storage sacs
    c. Suicide bags
    d. Protein factories
  31. Mitochondria are called:
    32. a. Protein factories
    b. Powerhouses of the cell
    c. Suicide bags
    d. Storage sacs

  32. The energy released by mitochondria is stored in:
    33. a. DNA
    b. RNA
    c. ATP
    d. Glucose

  33. Mitochondria have their own:
    34. a. Lysosomes
    b. Ribosomes and DNA
    c. Plasma membrane
    d. Cytoplasm

  34. Plastids are found only in:
    35. a. Animal cells
    b. Plant cells
    c. Bacteria
    d. Viruses

  35. Chloroplasts are important for:
    36. a. Respiration
    b. Photosynthesis
    c. Protein synthesis
    d. Detoxification

  36. Leucoplasts mainly store:
    37. a. Pigments
    b. Starch, oils, and proteins
    c. ATP
    d. Enzymes

  37. The fluid inside chloroplasts is called:
    38. a. Stroma
    b. Matrix
    c. Cytosol
    d. Sap

  38. Like mitochondria, plastids also contain:
    39. a. Lysosomes
    b. DNA and ribosomes
    c. Vesicles
    d. Cytosol

  39. Vacuoles in plant cells are generally:
    40. a. Small
    b. Large
    c. Absent
    d. Temporary

  40. Vacuoles in plant cells contain:
    41. a. Enzymes
    b. Cell sap
    c. Pigments only
    d. DNA

  41. In Amoeba, food is stored in:
    42. a. Lysosome
    b. Food vacuole
    c. Golgi body
    d. ER

  42. The process by which new cells are formed is called:
    43. a. Photosynthesis
    b. Respiration
    c. Cell division
    d. Endocytosis

  43. Cell division for growth and repair occurs by:
    44. a. Mitosis
    b. Meiosis
    c. Endocytosis
    d. Diffusion

  44. In mitosis, a mother cell produces:
    45. a. Four identical cells
    b. Two identical cells
    c. Two different cells
    d. Many cells

  45. The chromosome number in daughter cells after mitosis is:
    46. a. Half of a mother cell
    b. Double of the mother cell
    c. Same as mother cell
    d. Variable

  46. Formation of gametes occurs by:
    47. a. Osmosis
    b. Mitosis
    c. Meiosis
    d. Endocytosis

  47. Meiosis results in:
    48. a. Two daughter cells
    b. Four daughter cells
    c. Eight daughter cells
    d. Unlimited daughter cells

  48. Chromosome number in gametes after meiosis is:
    49. a. Double of the mother cell
    b. Same as mother cell
    c. Half of the mother cell
    d. Triple of mother cell

  49. Which organelle is called the ‘protein factory’ of the cell?
    50. b. Ribosome
    a. Golgi apparatus
    c. Lysosome
    d. Vacuole

  50. Which organelle is absent in animal cells but present in plant cells?
    51. a. Mitochondria
    b. Plastids
    c. Ribosomes
    d. Endoplasmic Reticulum


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    Frequently Asked Questions

    The cell is the fundamental unit of life found in all living organisms responsible for structure and function.

    Robert Hooke discovered the cell in 1665 while observing cork cells under a microscope.

    The two main types of cells are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

    The cell theory was proposed by Schleiden and Schwann, and later modified by Rudolf Virchow.

    It states that all living organisms are made of cells and new cells arise from pre-existing ones.

    Prokaryotic cells are simple cells without a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, like bacteria.

    Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like plant and animal cells.

    The plasma membrane is selectively permeable and controls material movement in and out of the cell.

    Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance between the nucleus and cell membrane containing organelles.

    Cell organelles are specialized structures like mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and ribosomes that perform specific functions.

    The nucleus contains chromosomes composed of DNA and proteins, controlling heredity and cell activities.

    In prokaryotic cells, nucleoid is an undefined region containing genetic material without a membrane.

    Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP, through the process of cellular respiration.

    Because it generates energy needed for metabolic processes in the form of ATP.

    Ribosomes are organelles responsible for protein synthesis.

    The Fundamental Unit of Life – Learning Resources

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