local minlocal max
Chapter 6 · Class XII Mathematics · NCERT Exercises

Application of Derivatives — Exercises

Rates, Monotonicity & Optimisation — All Application of Derivatives Solutions

📂 4 Exercises 📝 90 Questions 🎓 High

Exercise Index

4 exercise files · 90 total questions

Chapter at a Glance

JEE MainJEE AdvancedCBSE Boards
10Concepts
10Formulas
HighDifficulty
7–9%Weightage

Before You Begin

Prerequisites

  • ✓Ch 5 — Continuity and Differentiability
  • ✓Basic geometry (volume/area formulas)
  • ✓Sign analysis of expressions

Have Ready

  • 🔧Sign-chart template for f'(x)
  • 🔧Formula sheet: volume/surface-area of standard solids

Syllabus-wise Topic Map

6.1 IntroductionDerivative as an instantaneous rate; link to Ch 5
6.2 Rate of Change of Quantitiesdy/dx or dV/dt type problems using related-rates chain rule
6.3 Increasing and Decreasing Functionsf'(x)>0 ⇒ increasing; f'(x)<0 ⇒ decreasing; finding intervals via sign of f'(x)
6.4 Maxima and MinimaCritical points f'(x)=0; first/second derivative test; absolute max/min on closed interval; optimisation word problems

Key Formulae

\(f ext{ increasing on }I \iff f'(x) \geq 0\ orall x\in I\)
\( ext{Critical point: } f'(c)=0 ext{ or }f'(c) ext{ undefined}\)
\( ext{2nd derivative test: } f''(c)>0\Rightarrow ext{local min};\ f''(c)<0\Rightarrow ext{local max}\)
\(\text{Related rates: differentiate the connecting equation w.r.t. }t\)

NCERT Solving Method

Step 1 — Related rates: write the equation linking the quantities FIRST, then differentiate both sides w.r.t. time. Step 2 — Monotonicity: find f'(x), solve f'(x)=0 for critical points, test the sign of f'(x) in each sub-interval. Step 3 — Maxima/minima: locate critical points, apply the second derivative test (or first-derivative sign change) to classify each. Step 4 — Optimisation word problems: express the quantity to optimise as a single-variable function using the given constraint, then apply Step 3.

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